Comptia A+ 220-701 and 220-702 Cert Guide  

By: Soper, Mark Edward (Author), Mueller, Scott (Author), Prowse, David L. (Author).  Pearson Education (US). Published: 28/11/2009. Audience Guide: Professional & Vocational, Revision / study guides.
Mixed media product. Sourced from U.S.A.

Full item details here.

Item Details

ISBN10/13: 0789740478/9780789740472
TITLE: CompTIA A+ 220-701 and 220-702 Cert Guide
CONTRIBUTORS: Soper, Mark Edward (Author),  Mueller, Scott (Author),  Prowse, David L. (Author)
EDITION: 3rd Revised edition
IMPRINT: Que Corporation,U.S.
PUBLISHER: Pearson Education (US)
FORMAT: Mixed media product
PUBLICATION DATE: 28/11/2009
SUBJECT: Computers/Internet, Systems Management
DIMENSIONS (Width x Height): 187mm x 232mm
PAGES: 960
AUDIENCE GUIDE: Professional & Vocational, Revision / study guides
CONTENTS:

Introduction xxxvi Chapter 1 PC Technician Essentials 3 PC Tools 3 Preventing Electrostatic Discharge 4 The CompTIA Six-Step Troubleshooting Process 5 Numbering Systems Used in Computers 6 Decimal Numbering System 6 Binary Numbering System 6 Binary Versus Decimal MB/GB 10 Data Storage and Overhead 11 Hexadecimal Numbering System 14 Measuring Data Transfer and Frequency 14 Bandwidth 14 Parallel Information Transfers 15 Serial Transfers 16 Hertz (Hz) 17 Important Websites 18 Chapter 2 PC Anatomy 101 21 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 22 The Essential Parts of Any Computer 26 Front and Rear Views of a Desktop PC 26 All Around a Notebook (Laptop) Computer 28 Quick Reference to PC Components 29 Points of Failure 30 Points of Failure on a Desktop Computer 31 Points of Failure on a Notebook Computer 31 Hardware, Software, and Firmware 32 Hardware 32 Software 32 Firmware 33 Why Hardware, Software, and Firmware Are Important to Understand 34 Working Inside Your PC 34 Opening the Case of a Desktop PC 34 Taking ESD Precautions 35 Connecting Internal and External Data Cables 36 Attaching Cables to the Floppy Drive and Controller 36 Attaching the VGA Cable to a Video Card or Port 38 Installing a PCI Card 39 Hardware Resources 40 IRQs 41 I/O Port Addresses 43 DMA (Direct Memory Access) Channels 44 Memory Addresses 45 Viewing Hardware Resources in Use 45 Chapter 3 Motherboards, Processors, and Adapter Cards 51 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 51 Motherboards and Their Components 55 The System Bus and I/O Bus 56 Form Factors 57 ATX and Micro ATX 57 BTX 57 NLX 59 Riser Cards and Daughterboards 59 Integrated I/O Ports 60 Memory Slots 62 Expansion Slots 62 PCI Slots 63 AGP 63 PCIe (PCI-Express) Slots 64 AMR and CNR Slots 66 Mass Storage Interfaces 67 EIDE/PATA 68 SATA 69 SCSI 69 Choosing the Best Motherboard for the Job 70 Installing Motherboards 71 Step-by-Step Motherboard Removal (ATX and BTX) 71 Step-by-Step Motherboard Removal (NLX) 73 Preparing the Motherboard for Installation (ATX/BTX) 74 Step-by-Step Motherboard Installation (ATX/Baby-AT) 75 Step-by-Step Motherboard Installation (NLX) 76 Troubleshooting Motherboards 76 System Will Not Start 77 Devices Connected to the Port Cluster Don't Work 80 Devices Connected to Header Cables Don't Work 81 Mass Storage Devices Do Not Work Properly 82 Memory Failures 82 Card, Memory, or Heat Sink Blocked by Motherboard Layout 82 Processors and CPUs 83 Overview of Processor Differences 83 Intel Processors 83 AMD Processors 86 Processor Sockets and Packaging 89 CPU Technologies 90 Hyperthreading (HT Technology) 90 Dual-Core and Multi-Core 91 Processor Throttling 91 Microcode (MMX) 91 Overclocking 92 Cache 93 VRM 93 Speed (Real Versus Actual) Clock Speed Versus Performance 94 32-bit Versus 64-bit 95 Choosing the Best Processor for the Job 95 Performance 95 Thermal Issues 95 32-bit Versus 64-bit (x64) Compatibility 96 Other Processor Features 96 Installing Processors 96 Removing the Heat Sink 97 Removing the Processor 99 Installing a New Processor 100 Slot-Type CPU (early Pentium III, early AMD Athlon, and Others) 102 Troubleshooting Processors 104 System Runs Slower Than Rated Speed 104 Other Causes for Overheating 105 Processor Failure 105 Installing Adapter Cards 105 General Installation 105 Display Adapters 109 Sound Cards 109 Video Capture Cards 110 Troubleshooting Adapter Cards 110 Device Connected to Adapter Card Doesn't Work 110 Performing Driver and Firmware Upgrades 111 Chapter 4 BIOS 115 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 115 Understanding BIOS, CMOS, and Firmware 119 Configuring the System BIOS 121 Accessing the BIOS Setup Program 122 BIOS Settings Overview 124 Automatic Configuration of BIOS/CMOS Settings 127 Selecting Options 128 Main Menu 128 Standard Features/Settings 129 PATA and SATA BIOS Configuration 130 Floppy Drive BIOS Configuration 130 System Information 131 Advanced BIOS Settings/Features 132 Integrated Peripherals 133 Onboard Devices 134 I/O Devices 135 PATA/IDE and SATA Configuration 136 Power Management 138 PnP/PCI Configurations 139 Hardware Monitor 140 Processor and Memory Configuration 141 Security Features 142 Exiting the BIOS and Saving/Discarding Changes 143 Power-On Self-Test and Error Reporting 144 Beep Codes 145 POST Error Messages 146 POST Hex Codes 147 BIOS Updates 148 Flash BIOS Update 149 BIOS Chip Replacement 151 Chapter 5 Power Supplies and System Cooling 157 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 157 Power Supplies 161 Power Supply Ratings 161 Multivoltage Power Supplies 163 Causes and Cures of Power Supply Overheating 165 Overloading 165 Inadequate Air Flow Outside the System 167 Fan Failure 167 Inadequate Air Flow Inside the System 168 Dirt and Dust 168 Replacing Power Supply Form Factors and Connectors 169 Removing and Replacing the Power Supply 172 Testing Power Supplies with a Multimeter 174 Determining Power Supply DC Voltage Levels 176 Avoiding Power Supply Hazards 178 Power Protection Types 179 Surge Suppressors 180 Battery Backup Units (UPS and SPS) 182 Buying the Correct-Sized Battery Backup System 184 Power Conditioning Devices 184 Troubleshooting Power Problems 185 System Cooling 186 Passive and Active Heat Sinks 187 North/Southbridge Cooling 188 Video Card Cooling 190 Case Fans 191 Thermal Compound 192 Liquid Cooling Systems 195 Chapter 6 RAM 199 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 199 RAM Basics 203 RAM Types 205 DRAM 205 SRAM 205 SDRAM 205 DDR SDRAM 206 DDR2 SDRAM 206 Rambus 206 Operational Characteristics 207 Comparison of Memory Modules 207 Memory Module Width 209 Parity and Non-Parity Memory 209 ECC and Non-ECC Memory 210 Registered and Unbuffered Memory 211 Single-Sided and Double-Sided Memory 212 Installing Memory Modules 212 Installing DIMMs and Rambus RDRAM Modules 212 Troubleshooting Memory 214 Verifying RAM Compatibility 214 Overclocking Can Lead to System Instability 215 Avoid Mixing Metals in RAM and Sockets 215 Use Caution When Mismatching RAM Speeds 215 EDO Compatibility with Other RAM Types 216 "Parity Error - System Halted" Message 217 RAM-Sizing Errors at Bootup 217 Determining Whether Cache RAM Is the Source of a Memory Problem 218 Other Methods for RAM Testing 218 Preventative Maintenance for Memory 219 Chapter 7 I/O and Multimedia Ports and Devices 223 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 223 Understanding I/O Ports 227 USB 227 USB Port Types, Speeds, and Technical Details 227 Adding USB Ports 230 SCSI 231 Multiple Device Support with SCSI Host Adapters 231 Jumper Block and DIP Switch Settings for Device IDs 232 SCSI Standards 234 SCSI Cables 235 SCSI Signaling Types 236 Daisy-Chaining SCSI Devices 236 SCSI Host Adapter Card Installation 238 SCSI Daisy-Chain Maximum Length 238 SCSI Termination Methods 239 Serial (COM) 240 Serial Port Pinouts 242 Types of Serial Cables 243 Standard IRQ and I/O Port Addresses 245 How to Configure or Disable Serial Ports 245 Serial Port Software Configuration 246 Adding Additional Serial Ports 247 Parallel (LPT) 248 Parallel Port Configuration 250 IEEE 1394 (FireWire) 255 IEEE 1394 Ports and Cables 255 IEEE 1394--Compatible Devices and Technical Requirements 256 Installing an IEEE 1394 Card 256 PS/2 (Mini-DIN) 257 Centronics 257 1/8-inch Audio Mini-Jack 258 SPDIF Digital Audio 258 MIDI Port 259 RG-6 Coaxial 260 Understanding Input Devices 260 Keyboard 260 Mouse and Pointing Devices 261 Mouse Resource Usage 262 Bar Code Reader 262 Biometric Devices 262 Touch Screens 263 Touch Screen Interfacing to the Computer 263 Understanding Multimedia Devices 264 Webcam 264 Digital Camera 264 MIDI Music and MIDI Ports 264 Sound Card 264 Microphone 265 Video Capture Card 266 Installing Input and Multimedia Devices 266 Installing a Keyboard 267 Installing a Mouse or Other Pointing Device 267 Installing a Bar Code Reader 267 Installing a Webcam 268 Installing a Digital Camera 268 Installing a MIDI Port 269 Installing a Microphone 269 Installing a Biometric Device 270 Installing a Touch Screen 270 Installing a Sound Card 270 Installing a Video Capture Card 271 Troubleshooting Input and Multimedia Devices 272 Troubleshooting Keyboards 272 Troubleshooting Mice and Pointing Devices 272 Mouse Pointer Won't Move 274 Jerky Mouse Pointer Movement 275 User Can't Double-Click Icons 276 Troubleshooting Touch Screen 276 Troubleshooting Sound Card 277 Sound Card Plays Sounds But Can't Record CD-Quality Sound 277 Sound Card Works in Some Systems But Not in Others 277 Sound Playback Is Distorted or Choppy 277 No Sound at All from Sound Card 277 Sound Card Can't Play MIDI Files 278 Troubleshooting SCSI Devices 279 External SCSI Device Isn't Available 279 External or Internal SCSI Device Isn't Available 280 Troubleshooting I/O Ports 280 Troubleshooting USB Ports and Devices 280 USB Devices Not Recognized 280 USB Port Problems 281 Troubleshooting IEEE 1394 Ports and Devices 282 System Can't Detect the IEEE 1394 Card or Port 282 Incorrect Driver for IEEE 1394 Card or Device 283 Troubleshooting Parallel (LPT) Ports and Devices 283 Parallel Port Mode Problems 283 Problems with Daisy-Chained Devices 284 Cabling and Port Problems 284 Testing Parallel Ports 285 Switchbox Problems 286 Troubleshooting Serial Ports and Devices 286 COM 4 I/O Port Conflicts 286 Serial Port Drops Characters When Multitasking 286 Can't Connect Serial Devices to Port Because of Mismatched Connectors 287 Serial Cabling and Port Problems 287 Serial Configuration Problems 288 Testing Serial Ports 288 Maintaining Input Devices 288 Maintaining Mice and Pointing Devices 288 Maintaining Keyboards 290 Chapter 8 Video Displays and Graphics Cards 295 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 295 Video (Graphics) Card Types 299 Video Card Cooling 299 Installing a Video Card 300 BIOS Configuration 300 Video Card Physical and Driver Installation 301 Display Types 303 CRT Monitor 304 LCD Monitor 305 Data Projector 305 Video Connector Types 306 VGA 307 DVI 307 HDMI 309 Component/RGB 309 S-Video 310 Composite 310 Display Settings 310 Resolution 311 Color Quality (Color Depth) 313 Refresh Rates 314 Installing a Monitor 315 Troubleshooting Displays and Video Cards 316 Troubleshooting Picture Quality Problems with OSD 316 Using Advanced Display Properties for Troubleshooting 318 Troubleshooting Video Hardware 319 Preventative Maintenance for Displays 321 Chapter 9 Laptops and Portable Devices 325 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 325 Fundamental Features of Laptops and Portable Devices 329 Memory 331 Storage Devices 331 Peripherals 332 Docking Stations and Port Replicators 333 Media and Accessory Bays 334 Expansion Slots 335 PCMCIA (PC Card, CardBus) 335 ExpressCard 338 Mini-PCI 339 Communications Connections 340 Bluetooth 340 Infrared (IrDA) 341 Cellular WAN 342 Ethernet 342 Wireless Ethernet (WLAN) 343 LCD Screen Technologies 343 Active Matrix 344 Passive Matrix 344 Screen Resolutions 344 Screen Quality Considerations 345 Input Devices 346 Stylus and Digitizer 346 Fn Keys 346 Touch Pad 346 Pointing Stick / TrackPoint 348 Power Management Issues 348 Processor Throttling 349 Peripheral Power Management 349 Power Sources 349 Battery Types 349 AC Adapters 350 Configuring Power Management 351 ACPI 351 Suspend, Standby, and Hibernate Modes 355 Applications for Portable and Laptop Hardware 356 Using Communications Connections 356 Using Bluetooth 357 Using Infrared (IrDA) 357 Using Cellular WAN 358 Using Ethernet 358 Using Wireless Ethernet (WLAN) 358 Working with Power Sources 360 Working with Display Subsystem Components 360 Adjusting the Amount of Shared Video Memory 361 Adjusting Brightness and Contrast on a Laptop Computer's Display 361 Using DualView to Work with a Secondary Monitor or Projector 362 Cloning the Laptop Display to a Secondary Display or Projector 364 Safe Removal of PC Cards 365 Safe Removal of ExpressCards 365 Safe Removal of Laptop-Specific Hardware 365 Safe Removal of Batteries 366 Safe Removal and Installation of Mini-PCI Cards 367 Safe Removal and Installation of Hard Disk Drives 368 Safe Removal of Optical Drives 370 Safe Removal and Installation of Memory 371 Safe Removal of LCD Panels 371 Safe Removal and Replacement of Pointing Devices 373 Portable and Laptop Diagnostics 374 Power Troubleshooting 374 AC Power Troubleshooting 374 DC Power Troubleshooting 375 Display Troubleshooting 376 Using an External Monitor to Check the Display Subsystem 376 Solving Internal Display Problems 376 LCD Cutoff Switch 376 Checking for Backlight Problems 376 Dead Pixels 377 Other Components 377 Removing Peripherals 377 Stylus and Digitizer Problems 378 Keypad Problems 378 Antenna Wires 379 Preventative Maintenance for Laptops and Portable Devices 379 Cooling Devices 379 Display Screens 381 Suitable Operating Environments 381 Air Temperature 381 Air Quality 381 Storage Methods 381 Transportation and Shipping 381 Chapter 10 Security 385 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 385 Security Fundamentals 389 Secure and Insecure File Systems 389 Authentication Technologies 389 Username/Password/PIN 390 Smart Cards 390 Biometrics 390 Protection Against Viruses and Malware 391 Software Firewalls 391 Hardware Recycling and Deconstruction 392 Securing Wireless Networks 392 WEP and WPA Encryption 392 Access Point Configuration for Maximum Security 393 DHCP Versus Static IP Addresses 394 Changing the SSID 394 Disabling SSID Broadcast 395 MAC Address Filtering 396 Changing Default Administrator User Password 397 Updating Access Point Firmware 398 Firewall Features 399 Data and Physical Security 399 Data Access Local Security Policy 399 Encryption Technologies 400 BitLocker Encryption 401 Backups 401 Data Migration 402 Data and Data Remnant Removal 402 Password Management 402 Locking a Workstation 403 Incident Reporting 403 Social Engineering 404 Access Control Purposes and Principles 405 Operating System Access Control 405 User, Administration, and Guest Accounts 405 User Account Control (UAC) 405 Groups 406 Permissions Actions, Types, and Levels 406 Permission Inheritance and Propagation 407 Moving and Copying Folders and Files 407 Components 408 Restricted Spaces 408 Auditing and Event Logging 408 Installing, Configuring, and Troubleshooting Security Features 409 BIOS Security Features 409 Troubleshooting BIOS Security Issues 410 Software Firewalls 410 Troubleshooting Software Firewalls 411 Wireless Client Configuration 412 Troubleshooting Wireless Clients 414 Unused Wireless Connections 416 File Systems (Converting From FAT32 To NTFS) 417 Malicious Software Protection 418 Types of Malware and Infection Methods 419 Training Users in Malware Protection 419 Chapter 11 Printers 423 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 423 Printing Fundamentals 427 Laser and LED Printers 427 How Laser Printers Use Memory 428 Toner Cartridges 430 Laser Printer Paper and Media 431 Inkjet Printers 432 Ink Cartridges 432 Inkjet Printer Paper and Media 434 Thermal Printers 434 Thermal Printer Ribbons 434 Thermal Printer Paper 434 Impact Printers 435 Impact Printer Ribbons 436 Impact Printer Paper and Media 436 Printer and Scanner Control 437 Drivers 437 Firmware 438 Print Processes 438 Laser Print Process 439 Step 1: Cleaning 440 Step 2: Conditioning 440 Step 3: Writing 440 Step 4: Developing 441 Step 5: Transferring 441 Step 6: Fusing 441 Color Laser Printing Differences 441 Inkjet Print Process 441 Thermal Print Processes 442 Impact Print Process 443 Interface Types 444 Adding Bluetooth Support 445 Adding Ethernet Support 445 Adding 802.11Wireless Ethernet (WLAN) Support 446 Adding Infrared Support 446 Printer Installation 446 Connecting the Device 446 Verifying Device Compatibility with Operating System and Applications 446 Installing Device Drivers 447 Using the Add Printer Wizard 447 Installing a Printer or Multifunction Unit with a Vendor-Supplied Driver 448 Calibrating the Device 449 Configuring Options and Device Settings 449 Printing a Test Page 449 Printer Options 449 Educating the User About Basic Functionality 453 Optimizing Printer Performance 453 Tray Switching 453 Print Spooler Settings 454 New XPS Feature in Windows Vista 455 Device Calibration 455 Media Types 456 Paper Orientation 456 Print Order 457 Installing and Configuring Printer Upgrades 458 Memory 458 Firmware 460 Printer Troubleshooting Tools and Techniques 460 Identify the Problem 460 Identifying Symptoms 461 Review Device Error Codes 461 Review Computer Error Messages and Logs 461 Using the Self-Test Feature 462 Using Diagnostic Tools 463 Establishing a Theory of Probable Cause 463 Reviewing Service Documentation 463 Reviewing Knowledge Base 464 Defining and Isolating the Problem 464 Testing the Theory to Determine Cause 465 Problem: A complex document (one with many fonts or graphics) does not print 465 Problem: Repetitive marks on laser-printed document 466 Establishing a Plan of Action to Resolve the Problem and Implement the Solution 466 Verifying Full System Functionality and Implementing Preventative Measures (if Applicable) 466 Documenting Findings, Actions, and Results 466 Troubleshooting Print Failures 467 Paper Out 467 Clearing Print Queue 467 Restarting Print Queue 468 Power Off, Power On Printer 468 Paper Jams 468 Print Quality Problems 469 Error Messages and Codes 472 Performing Preventative Maintenance 474 Installing Maintenance Kits 474 Resetting Paper Counts 474 Cleaning Rollers, Printheads, and Other Components 474 Checking for a Suitable Environment 475 Using Recommended Supplies 476 Recommended Tools 476 Multimeter 476 Screwdrivers 477 Cleaning Solutions 477 Extension Magnet 477 Chapter 12 Storage Devices 481 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 481 Floppy Disk Drives 485 Floppy Disk Types 486 Floppy Disk Drive Hardware Configuration 487 Floppy Disk Drive Physical Installation and Removal 489 Floppy Drive BIOS Configuration 489 Maintaining Floppy Disks, Data, and Drives 491 Hard Disk Drives 492 PATA and SATA Data and Power Cables 493 PATA Drive Jumpering and Cable Select 494 ATA Specifications 495 ATA/IDE Drive Physical Installation 496 SATA Hard Drive Physical Installation 498 Installing an SATA Host Adapter 499 PATA BIOS Configuration 501 SATA BIOS Configuration 503 Creating an ATA or SATA RAID Array 504 ATA/IDE Performance Optimization 508 PIO and DMA Transfer Modes 508 IDE Block Mode 510 IDE Busmastering Drivers 510 Enabling DMA Transfers for PATA Devices in Windows 510 Adjusting Disk Caching Settings in Windows 512 CD and DVD Optical Drives 512 CD and DVD Drive Interfaces 513 Physical Installation of Optical Drives 514 Recording CDs and DVDs in Windows XP 514 Recording CDs and DVDs in Windows Vista 516 IDE/ATAPI Optical Drive Installation Issues 517 Removable Storage 518 Tape Drives 519 Flash Memory and Card Readers 520 Flash Card Reader 522 Installing and Using a Flash Card Reader 523 Hot-Swapping Flash Memory Cards 523 USB Flash Memory Drives 524 Hot-Swapping USB Flash Memory Drives 524 External Hard Disks 525 Hot-Swapping USB or IEEE-1394--Based External Hard Disks 525 Troubleshooting Storage 526 Troubleshooting Floppy Disk Drives 526 Internal Floppy Drive Cabling Problems 526 BIOS Configuration Problems 527 Drive Reliability and Compatibility Problems 527 Changeline Problems 528 Isolating Floppy Subsystem Problems 529 Troubleshooting PATA (ATA/IDE) Drives 530 Incompatible PATA Cables 530 UDMA-66 or Faster Drive Limited to UDMA-33 Speeds 530 No Power to Drive 530 Cables Attached Incorrectly to ATA/IDE Interface or Drive 530 Physical or Electronic Damage to Drive 531 Jumpering Issues 531 Drive Not Ready Error 531 Using Hard Disk Diagnostics 532 Troubleshooting CD-ROM and DVD Drives 532 Read Delays After New Media Is Inserted 533 Drive Not Supported by CD/DVD Mastering Program 533 Can't Write to Media 535 Can't Read Some Media Types in CD-ROM or DVD Drives 537 Buffer Underrun Failures 537 Damage to Media Prevents Drive from Reading Media 538 Can't Play Music Through Sound Card's Speakers 538 Troubleshooting Removable-Media, External, and Tape Drives 539 Drive Not Recognized Problems 539 Read/Write Problems 540 Chapter 13 Using and Managing Windows 545 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 546 Differences in Windows Versions 550 GUI 550 System Requirements 552 Application Compatibility 553 Primary Windows Components 555 Registry 555 Windows Interfaces 556 Windows Explorer 556 Common Tasks View 557 Changing Viewing Options in Windows Explorer 558 Windows Vista Additions to Windows Explorer 561 My Computer 561 Control Panel 561 Starting Control Panel 562 Shortcuts to Control Panel Functions 562 Command Prompt 563 Network 564 My Network Places 565 TaskBar/Systray 568 Start Menu 570 Adding, Removing, and Sorting Start Menu Items and Folders 571 Adjusting Start Menu Properties 573 Indexing 573 Essential Operating System Files 574 Windows Vista Boot Sequence 575 Windows XP Boot Sequence 575 BOOT.INI 576 NTLDR and NTDETECT.COM 577 NTBOOTDD.SYS 577 Registry Data Files 577 Backing Up Registry Data Files 578 hiberfil.sys 579 Disk Partition, File and Folder Management 580 Disk Partitions 580 Using Disk Management 581 Mount Points and Mounting a Drive 586 Windows File Systems 586 FAT32 587 NTFS 587 Convert.exe 589 Working with Folders/Directories 590 File Management 592 Creating Files 592 File Types 593 Naming Files 593 Long Filenames and DOS Alias Names 594 File Extensions 595 Setting and Displaying File and Folder Attributes in Windows Explorer 595 File Permissions 598 DEFRAG 599 NTBackup 599 Using Windows Vista's Backup Status and Configuration 602 CHKDSK.EXE 603 Format 604 Using Format with Floppy, USB Flash, and Removable-Media Drives 605 Formatting Floppy and Hard Disks with Windows Explorer 605 Windows Explorer Command-Line Options 605 Command-Line Functions 607 Starting a Command-Prompt Session with CMD.EXE 607 Internal Commands Overview 607 Using Wildcards to Specify a Range of Files 609 HELP 609 DIR 610 EDIT 611 COPY 612 XCOPY 613 FORMAT.EXE 615 IPCONFIG 616 PING 617 MD/CD/RD 618 System Management Tools 619 Device Manager 619 Computer Management and the MMC 622 Task Manager 622 MSCONFIG.EXE 623 REGEDIT.EXE 624 Event Viewer 627 System Restore 628 Remote Desktop 631 Configuring Your Windows System to Accept Remote Client Connections 632 Connecting Remotely 633 Ending the Remote Session 634 Optimizing Windows 635 Virtual Memory, Performance Monitor, and System Monitor 635 Hard Disk 638 Temporary Files 638 Temporary File Settings in Windows Vista/XP/2000 639 Services 640 Startup 641 Applications 642 Adjusting the Balance Between Background Services and Application Response 642 Adjusting the Priority of a Process 642 Stopping Unresponsive Applications 643 Chapter 14 Installing and Upgrading Windows Operating Systems 647 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 647 Installing Operating Systems 651 Verifying Hardware Compatibility and Minimum Requirements 651 Windows Vista Editions 653 Migrating User Data 654 Installation Methods 655 Starting a Clean Installation of Windows Vista from the Distribution DVD 655 Booting from the Windows XP Distribution CD 658 Network Drive Installation 659 Disk Image 659 Installing Windows from a Recovery DVD/CD 660 Using Boot Disks to Start the Installation (XP and 2000 only) 661 Installation Method Options 662 Attended Versus Unattended Installation 662 Network Configuration 663 Preparing the Hard Disk for Installation 664 Providing Device Drivers During Installation 668 Verifying Installation 669 Upgrading Operating Systems 672 Preparations to Make Before Upgrading to a Newer Version of Windows 673 Upgrading to Windows Vista from XP or 2000 675 Upgrading to Windows XP from 2000 677 Troubleshooting the Windows Vista or Windows XP Upgrade 679 Chapter 15 Troubleshooting and Maintaining Windows 685 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 685 Troubleshooting Windows 689 Recovering an Operating System 689 Last Known Good Configuration, Safe Mode, and Other Advanced Boot Options 689 Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE) 693 Recovery Console 695 Using System Restore with Advanced Boot Options 699 Using Windows Vista's Complete PC Backup 699 Using Automated System Recovery (ASR) (Windows XP) 700 Using the Emergency Repair Disk (Windows 2000) 701 Diagnosing and Troubleshooting Other Problems 702 Identifying the Problem: User Interview 702 Analyzing the Problem 703 Identifying the Problem: Logs and Services 704 Recording Symptoms and Error Codes 706 Checking Configurations and Device Manager 707 Common Problems 707 STOP (Blue Screen) Errors 707 Auto Restart Errors 709 System Lockups 710 DxDiag 713 I/O Devices 713 Driver Signing 714 Application Troubleshooting 714 Application Start or Load Failure 715 Print Spooler Stalled 716 Incorrect/Incompatible Printer Driver 717 Common Error Messages and Codes 717 Windows Vista Boot Errors 717 Windows XP/2000 Boot Errors 719 Device/Service Startup Errors 720 More Windows Errors and Error Reporting 721 Solving Disk Problems 722 Using Diagnostic Utilities and Tools 723 Can't Boot from Hard Disk 723 Using Task Manager 724 Troubleshooting with Device Manager 725 Using System File Checker (SFC) 729 Maintaining Windows 729 Installing Service Packs and Hotfixes 729 Using Windows Update and Microsoft Update 732 Performing Scheduled Backup and Restore 733 Image Backups 733 Chapter 16 Networking 738 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 738 Network Models 743 Client/Server 743 Servers 743 Clients 743 Peer-to-Peer 744 Internet Connectivity Technologies 745 Modems and Dial-Up Internet Connectivity 746 Modem Technologies and Types 746 Analog Modem Installation 749 Dial-Up Internet Service Providers 750 Creating a Dial-Up Connection 750 Requirements for a Dial-Up Internet Connection 751 ISDN Internet Connectivity 751 ISDN Hardware 752 Setting Up an ISDN Connection 752 Broadband Internet Services (DSL, Cable, Satellite) 753 Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) 753 Cable Internet 755 Satellite 755 LANs and Internet Connectivity 757 Network Protocols 757 TCP/IP 757 NetBEUI/NetBIOS 758 TCP/IP Applications and Technologies 758 ISP 758 HTTP/HTTPS 758 SSL 759 TLS 759 HTML 759 FTP 759 Telnet 760 SSH 761 DNS 761 Email 762 SMTP 763 POP 763 IMAP 763 Ports 763 Network Topologies 764 Network Types 765 Wired Ethernet Types 765 Wireless Ethernet 766 Bluetooth 767 Infrared 767 Cellular 768 VoIP 768 Cable and Connector Types 769 UTP and STP Cabling 769 FiberOptic 771 Coaxial 773 Plenum and PVC 773 Connector Types 774 Installing Network Interface Cards 774 PCI and PCI Express 774 USB 775 PC Card/CardBus 776 Configuring Network Interface Cards 776 Hardware Resources 776 Media Type 776 Full/Half-Duplex 777 Wireless Ethernet (WLAN) Configuration 777 Switches and Hubs 778 Beyond LANs--Repeaters, Bridges, and Routers 779 Networking Configuration 779 Installing Network Protocols in Windows 780 TCP/IPv4 Configuration 781 TCP/IP Configuration with a DHCP Server 782 TCP/IP Alternate Configuration 783 TCP/IP User-Configured IP and DNS Addresses 784 TCP/IP User-Configured Advanced Settings 784 Understanding IP Addressing, Subnet Masks, and IP Classes 784 WINS Configuration 787 Gateway 788 DNS Configuration 788 NetBEUI Configuration 788 Setting Up Shared Resources 788 Installing File and Printer Sharing 789 Shared Folders and Drives 790 Sharing a Folder Using Simple File Sharing 790 Sharing a Folder with User/Group Permissions in Windows XP 790 Sharing a Folder with User/Group Permissions in Windows Vista 792 Shared Printers 793 Administrative Shares 793 Setting Up the Network Client 793 Installing Network Client Software 794 Installing a Network Printer 794 Using Shared Resources 795 The Universal Naming Convention (UNC) 796 Fully Qualified Domain Names (FQDNs) 797 Mapped Drives 797 Browser Installation and Configuration 798 Setting Up Your Browser to Use Your Internet Connection 799 Enabling/Disabling Script Settings 801 Configuring Browser Security Settings 801 Using Network Command-Line Tools 802 Using the Net Command 802 Using Ping 802 Using Tracert 803 Using NSLookup 804 Using Ipconfig 804 Network and Internet Troubleshooting 805 Can't Access Network Resources 805 Significant Drops in Network Performance 805 Unattended PC Drops Its Network Connection 806 All Users Lose Network Connection 806 Users Can Access Some Shared Resources But Not Others 807 Can't Print to a Network Printer 807 Ping and Tracert Work, But User Can't Display Web Pages with Browser 807 Chapter 17 Safety and Environmental Issues 811 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 811 Recycling and Disposal Issues 815 Disposing of Batteries 815 Recycling Toner and Printer Cartridges 815 Disposing of Chemical Solvents and Cans 816 Disposing of Obsolete Monitors and Computer Hardware 816 Using an MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) 817 Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) 817 Preventing ESD 818 Power Diagnostics, ESD and Safety 819 Protection Devices 820 Correct Storage for Equipment 821 Additional ESD Precautions 822 Hazards 822 High Voltage Hazards 823 Printers 823 The Power Supply 823 CRT Monitors 824 Systems in Suspend Mode 825 Precautions Against Electric Shock 825 Discharging CRTs 826 Mechanical Hazards 827 Tripping Hazards 827 Liquid Hazards 828 Situational Hazards 828 Atmospheric Hazards 829 Heavy Equipment Hazards 829 Environmental and Accident Incident Handling 830 Chapter 18 Troubleshooting and Communications Methods and Professional Behavior 833 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 833 Troubleshooting Methods Overview 837 The Client Interview 839 Tips for Conducting the Client Interview 840 How to Evaluate the Client's Environment 841 Testing Power 841 Looking for Sources of Interference 842 Recording Symptoms and Error Codes 842 Determining Whether a Problem Is Caused by Hardware or Software 843 What Components to Check First 846 Points of Failure on the Outside of the Computer 846 "Known-Working" Doesn't Mean "New"--Best Sources for Replacement Parts 847 Keeping Track of Your Solutions 848 Where to Go for More Information 848 Useful Hardware and Software Tools 850 Hardware Diagnostics 850 Cleaning and Maintenance Tools 852 Recommended Equipment Cleaning Products 853 Selecting and Using a Computer-Compatible Vacuum Cleaner 854 Professional Behavior 854 How to Talk to Customers 854 How to Treat Customers' Property 855 Appendix A Answers to the "Do I Know This Already?" Quizzes and Troubleshooting Scenarios 859 Index 894

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